TESA and PESA are two medical procedures that are used to collect sperm for use in assisted reproductive technologies, such as in vitro fertilization (IVF). These procedures are typically performed on men who have a condition called azoospermia, which is the absence of sperm in the semen.
TESA, also known as testicular sperm aspiration, involves the use of a needle to collect sperm directly from the testicles. The procedure is typically performed under local anesthesia, and it takes about 30 minutes to complete. A small incision is made in the scrotum, and a needle is inserted into the testicle to collect sperm. The collected sperm are then washed and prepared for use in IVF.
PESA, also known as percutaneous epididymal sperm aspiration, involves the use of a needle to collect sperm from the epididymis, which is a tube located next to the testicle. The procedure is similar to TESA, but it involves collecting sperm from a different part of the reproductive system.
Both TESA and PESA are considered safe and effective procedures for collecting sperm in men with azoospermia. The success rates for these procedures vary depending on the underlying cause of the azoospermia and other factors, but in general, about 50-60% of men who undergo TESA or PESA are able to collect enough sperm for use in IVF. It is important for men to discuss the potential benefits and risks of these procedures with their healthcare provider before deciding whether to undergo TESA or PESA.